Fritz Bauer Institut · Cinematographie des Holocaust


Eichmann Trial // Session 054.01 - 26-May-1961 (VT EI305) [ET]. R: Hurwitz [US, 1961]

ID

FBW003173      Dokumentarfilm / Filmmaterial

Land / Jahr

USA, 1961

Originaltitel

Eichmann Trial // Session 054.01 - 26-May-1961 (VT EI305) [ET]

Andere Titel

Eichmann-Prozess // Sitzung 054.01 - 26.05.1961 (VT EI305) [άT] (deutscher Titel)
The Trial of Adolf Eichmann [ET]

Regie

Leo Hurwitz (Bildregie)

Produktion

Capital Cities Broadcasting Corporation, New York, NY

Prod. / Stab

Produzent: Milton Fruchtman; Produktionsassistenz: Alan Rosenthal; Kamera: Rolf Michael Kneller, Fred Csasznik, Jakub Jonilowicz, Jacob Kalach, Emil Knebel; Kamera-άberwachung: Leo Hurwitz

Auftritt

Adolf Eichmann; Avraham Gordon (Zeuge); Gabriel Bach (Staatsanwalt); Robert Servatius (Eichmanns Verteidiger); Moshe Landau (Richter, Vorsitzender des israelischen Obersten Gerichtshofs); Yitzhak Raveh (Richter); Benjamin Halevi (Richter); Tibor Ferencz (Zeuge)

Erwδhnung

Leopold Aschner (Vorbesitzer von Eichmanns Villa in Budapest); Hermann Krumey (SS-Obersturmbannfόhrer, Mitglied in Eichmanns Sonderkommando); Dieter Wisliceny (Fόhrendes Mitglied in Eichmanns Sonderkommando); Samu Stern (Budapester Judenrat, Vorsitzender); Ernφ Boda (Budapester Judenrat, stellv. Vorsitzender); Ernφ Petφ (Budapester Judenrat); Jαnos Gαbor (Budapester Judenrat); [Herr] Teitel (Eichmanns Chauffeur); Franz Alfred Joseph Slawik (Eichmanns Hausverwalter); Lαszlσ Endre (Unterstaatssekretδr im Innenministerium, Ungarn); Dφme Sztojay (Generalleutnant, ungarischer Gesandter in Berlin); Lαszlσ Baky (Staatssekretδr im Innenministerium, Ungarn); Peter Hain (Leiter der ungarischen Geheimpolizei)

Lδnge

61'40''

Format

2'' Tape/sw

Zeitangaben

- 26.05.1961: Drehzeit, Jerusalem

Synopsis

Sitzung Nr. 054.01 - 26.05.1961: Zeugenaussage von Avraham Gordon (Zeuge) (Dokumente: T/1125, T/37[7], T/1153). Entscheidung bezόglich der Zeugenaussage von Ernφ Boda (Budapester Judenrat, Vizeprδsident). Zeugenaussage von Tibor Ferencz (Zeuge) (Dokument: T/1156). Entscheidung όber die Zulassung von Beweismitteln von Ferencz zu Bemerkungen von Lαszlσ Endre (Unterstaatssekretδr im Innenministerium) und Lαszlσ Baky (Staatssekretδr im Innenministerium).

Schlagworte

1960-1969; Budapest; Eichmann-Prozess; Judenrat; Ungarn; Ungarnaktion

Kopien

- USHMM, Washington, DC: 61'40''; DigiBeta
- Steven Spielberg Jewish Film Archive, Jerusalem: 61'40''; DigiBeta
- Israel State Archive, Jerusalem: 61'40''; DigiBeta
- Israel State Archive, Jerusalem: 61'40''; 2'' Tape; Severe dropout and large scratch on master, CTL not stable, some hum on picture of master. In general very poor quality

Literatur

- Kihss, Peter: "Eichmann Trial to Be Seen in TV", in: The New York Times, 14.11.1960
- Shepard, Richard F.: "U.S. TV Networks Irked at Coverage of Eichmann Trial", in: The New York Times, 25.02.1961
- "Eichmann on TV", in: Newsweek (New York, NY), Vol. 57, Nr. 9, 27.02.1961
- "Court Approves Filming of Trial", in: The New York Times, 11.03.1961
- Adams, Val: "News of TV and Radio - Eichmann", in: The New York Times, 09.04.1961
- Gould, Jack: "TV: The Eichmann Trial", in: The New York Times, 10.04.1961
- "TV Trial Films Delayed", in: The New York Times, 12.04.1961
- "Eichmann, Gagarin: 'Instant TV'", in: Variety, 19.04.1961
- Thompson, Howard: "Screen: Stalking A Nazi", in: The New York Times, 04.05.1961
- Dimitman, E.Z.: "How Television Is Watching the Eichmann Trial", in: TV Guide, Vol. 9, Nr. 18, 06.05.1961
- Fellows, Lawrence: "TV Makes It's Israeli Debut with a Tragedy", in: The New York Times, 02.07.1961
- The Holocaust in Books and Films: A Selected, Annotated List, Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith (Ed.), 3rd Edition, New York, NY: Hippocrene, 1986
- Watson, Mary Ann: The Expanding Vista: American Television in the Kennedy Years. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1990
- N.N.: The Trial of Adolf Eichmann. Record of Proceedings in the District Court of Jerusalem. Vol. 3, Jerusalem: State of Israel, Ministry of Justice / Israel State Archive / Yad Vashem, 1993
- Thaler, Paul: The Watchful Eye: American Justice in the Age of the Television Trial. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1994
- Shandler, Jeffrey: While America Watches: Television and the Holocaust in the United States, from 1945 to the Present. New York, NY: Columbia University (Dissertation), 1995
- Shandler, Jeffrey: While America Watches. Televising the Holocaust. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1999
- Rosenthal, Alan: Jerusalem, Take One! Memoirs of a Jewish Filmmaker. Carbondale / Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 2000

Inhalt (detailliert)

=== Einstellungsprotokoll (- min/sek):
- 00'37'' ARCHIV-VORSPANN
=== Sitzung 054.01 - 26.05.1961:
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 00'57'' Adolf Eichmann (mit Anzug) mit Kopfhφrer, blδttert in Unterlagen
- 01'03'' Avraham Gordon (Zeuge), Gabriel Bach (Staatsanwalt) unscharf
- 01'11'' Eichmann
- 01'36'' Gordon (nah)
- 01'55'' Eichmann
- 02'04'' Gordon im Zeugenstand
- 02'10'' Gordon (nah)
- 02'23'' Eichmann
- 02'34'' Gordon (nah)
- 02'52'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 03'02'' Eichmann (nah)
- 03'10'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 03'16'' Gordon (nah)
- 03'36'' Eichmann (nah) beugt sich vor
- 03'47'' Gordon
- 04'16'' Eichmann schreibend
- 04'22'' Gordon (nah)
- 04'35'' Eichmann faltet Blatt u. reicht es Gerichtsmitarbeiter, dieser liest es
- 04'47'' Gordon (nah)
- 04'50'' Eichmann im Glaskasten, Gerichtsmitarbeiter όberreicht Blatt an Robert Servatius (Eichmanns Verteidiger)
- 05'05'' Gordon (nah)
- 05'14'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 05'28'' Moshe Landau (Vorsitzender Richter)
- 05'32'' Gordon betrachtet Foto, reicht es Gerichtsmitarbeiter, dieser gibt es Landau
- 05'48'' Gordon (nah)
- 05'52'' Landau (nah)
- 06'05'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 06'24'' Landau (nah)
- 06'35'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 06'44'' Gordon (nah)
- 06'52'' Eichmann (nah)
- 06'57'' Gordon
- 07'00'' Eichmann (nah)
- 07'04'' Gordon, Bach unscharf
- 07'11'' Eichmann (nah)
- 07'35'' Gordon (nah)
- 07'45'' Eichmann
- 08'02'' Gordon (nah)
- 08'04'' Eichmann
- 08'10'' Benjamin Halevi (Richter), Landau u. Yitzhak Raveh (Richter)
- 08'14'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 08'23'' Gordon (nah)
- 08'28'' Eichmann (nah)
- 08'42'' Gordon (nah)
- 09'01'' Eichmann (nah)
- 09'12'' Gordon (nah), Bach unscharf
- 09'22'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 09'25'' Gordon (nah)
- 09'30'' Eichmann (nah)
- 09'40'' Gordon (nah)
- 09'54'' Eichmann (nah)
- 10'09'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 10'16'' Gordon (nah)
- 10'28'' Eichmann (nah)
- 10'38'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 10'41'' Gordon (nah)
- 10'58'' Halevi u. Landau
- 11'04'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 11'10'' Gordon (nah)
- 11'20'' Eichmann (nah)
- 11'44'' Gordon (nah)
- 11'55'' Eichmann (nah) schreibend
- 12'07'' Gordon (nah), Bach unscharf
- 12'25'' Eichmann (nah) schreibend
- 12'38'' Eichmann schreibend
- 12'43'' Gordon (nah)
- 13'06'' Eichmann schreibend
- 13'15'' Eichmann (nah)
- 13'24'' Gordon (nah)
- 13'38'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand, Gerichtsmitarbeiter bringt Gordon Papier, Stift u. Lineal, Gordon zeichnet
- 14'15'' Eichmann (nah)
- 14'23'' Gordon zeichnend, Bach unscharf
- 14'38'' Servatius (nah)
- 14'47'' Gordon zeichnend, Bach unscharf
- 14'55'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand, Gordon zeichnend
- 15'49'' Eichmann (nah)
- 16'00'' Gordon
- 16'19'' Gordon erlδutert Skizze (nah)
- 16'28'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 16'35'' Gordon erklδrt Skizze u. wendet sich zum Gericht
- 17'04'' Gerichtsmitarbeiter όberreicht Servatius Blatt
- 17'08'' Gordon erlδutert Skizze zum Gericht gewendet
- 17'23'' Glaskasten u. Servatius
- 17'35'' Gordon erlδutert Skizze zum Gericht gewendet (nah)
- 18'01'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 18'04'' Gordon erlδutert Skizze (nah)
- 18'17'' Gordon im Zeugenstand
- 18'21'' Glaskasten u. Servatius
- 18'23'' Gordon erlδutert Skizze (nah)
- 18'30'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 18'38'' Gordon erlδutert Skizze (nah)
- 18'58'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 19'11'' Gordon (nah) erlδutert Skizze, zum Gericht gewendet
- 19'26'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 19'38'' Gordon trinkt
- 19'42'' Gordon (nah)
- 19'49'' Glaskasten u. Servatius
- 19'52'' Gordon (nah)
- 20'00'' Gerichtssaal
- 20'11'' Gordon (nah)
- 20'32'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 20'38'' Gordon (nah)
- 20'51'' Landau
- 21'09'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 21'18'' Gordon (nah)
- 21'38'' Eichmann
- 21'55'' Gordon (nah)
- 22'06'' Eichmann
- 22'23'' Gordon (nah)
- 22'27'' Landau u. Raveh
- 22'40'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 22'45'' Eichmann
- 22'50'' Gordon όberreicht Gerichtsmitarbeiter erweiterte Skizze
- 23'00'' Gerichtsmitarbeiter όberreicht Landau Skizze, Halevi
- 23'11'' Gordon (nah)
- 23'31'' Landau u. Raveh
- 23'44'' Gordon (nah)
- 23'57'' Eichmann
- 24'11'' Gordon (nah)
- 24'17'' Landau
- 24'22'' Gordon
- 24'34'' Eichmann (nah)
- 24'37'' Gordon (nah)
- 24'50'' Eichmann (nah)
- 25'14'' Gordon (nah)
- 25'18'' Eichmann (nah)
- 26'05'' Gordon (nah)
- 26'14'' Landau
- 26'23'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 26'27'' Eichmann (nah)
- 26'42'' Landau
- 26'47'' Gordon (nah)
- 27'11'' Eichmann (nah)
- 27'21'' Gordon (nah)
- 27'34'' Landau
- 27'37'' Eichmann (nah)
- 27'48'' Gordon (nah)
- 27'52'' Eichmann (nah)
- 28'14'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 28'21'' Landau
- 28'25'' Gordon (nah)
- 28'33'' Eichmnn (nah)
- 28'52'' Gordon (nah)
- 29'02'' Eichmann (nah)
- 29'22'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 29'32'' Gordon (nah)
- 29'38'' Eichmann (nah)
- 29'58'' Gordon (nah)
- 30'23'' Eichmann (nah)
- 30'31'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 30'46'' Gordon (nah)
- 31'05'' Eichmann (nah) schreibend
- 31'16'' Eichmann schreibend
- 31'26'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 31'35'' Gordon (nah)
- 31'45'' Eichmann schreibend
- 31'46'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 31'55'' Eichmann όberreicht Gerichtsmitarbeiter Papier
- 32'02'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total), Servatius stehend
- 32'08'' Gerichtsmitarbeiter όberreicht Servatius Papier
- 32'20'' Gordon (nah)
- 32'37'' Servatius
- 32'44'' Gordon (nah)
- 32'51'' Eichmann, Servatius
- 33'07'' Gordon (nah)
- 33'10'' Servatius
- 33'15'' Gordon (nah)
- 33'30'' Servatius
- 33'45'' Gordon (nah)
- 34'03'' Servatius (nah)
- 34'10'' Gordon (nah)
- 34'13'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 34'20'' Gordon (nah)
- 34'23'' Servatius (nah)
- 34'39'' Gordon (nah)
- 34'52'' Servatius (nah)
- 35'24'' Gordon (nah)
- 35'57'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 36'01'' Servatius
- 36'18'' Gordon (nah)
- 36'34'' Eichmann
- 36'39'' Gordon (nah)
- 37'00'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 37'09'' Gordon (nah)
- 37'22'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 37'24'' Gordon (nah)
- 37'29'' Eichmann
- 37'35'' Gordon (nah)
- 37'42'' Eichmann, Servatius
- 38'03''Gordon (nah)
- 38'07'' Servatius
- 38'28'' Gordon (nah), Arme verschrδnkt
- 38'38'' Servatius setzt sich
- 38'45'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 38'48'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 39'00'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 39'11'' Gordon (nah)
- 39'22'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 39'35'' Gordon (nah)
- 39'47'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 40'02'' Gordon (nah)
- 40'10'' Landau
- 40'24'' Gordon (nah)
- 40'34'' Halevi u. Landau
- 40'48'' Gordon (nah)
- 40'57'' Eichmann
- 41'03'' Gordon (nah)
- 41'14'' Halevi u. Landau
- 41'24'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 41'32'' Gordon (nah)
- 41'48'' Eichmann
- 41'52'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 41'56'' Gordon (nah)
- 42'04'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 42'10'' Servatius
- 42'34'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 42'40'' Gordon (nah)
- 42'45'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 42'52'' Servatius setzt sich
- 43'09'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 43'13'' Gordon (nah)
- 43'27'' Servatius
- 43'31'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 43'36'' Gordon (nah)
- 43'42'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 43'54'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 44'03'' Gordon (nah)
- 44'06'' Servatius stehend
- 44'16'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 44'27'' Gordon (nah)
- 44'32'' Servatius
- 44'37'' Gordon (nah)
- 44'42'' Servatius
- 44'48'' Gordon (nah)
- 44'52'' Servatius
- 44'57'' Gordon (nah)
- 45'00'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 45'04'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 45'12'' Gordon (nah)
- 45'21'' Servatius
- 45'28'' Gordon (nah)
- 45'32'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 45'40'' Gordon (nah)
- 45'48'' Eichmann
- 45'53'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 45'56'' Eichmann
- 45'58'' Gerichtssaal (total), Gerichtsmitarbeiter όberreicht Landau Dokument
- 46'06'' Eichmann schreibend
- 46'15'' Zuschauer mit langem Bart (nah)
- 46'24'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 46'32'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 46'40'' Eichmann
- 47'00'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 47'12'' Publikum
- 47'31'' Eichmann
- 47'44'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 48'17'' Publikum
- 48'41'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 49'02'' Eichmann schreibend
- 49'18'' Publikum
- 49'47'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 50'26'' Eichmann schreibend
- 50'38'' Zuschauer (nah)
- 50'45'' Eichmann schreibend
- 50'54'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 51'52'' Eichmann schreibend
- 51'59'' Zuschauerinnen (nah)
- 52'06'' Eichmann
- 52'15'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 52'35'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 52'37'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 52'46'' Tibor Ferencz (Zeuge) (nah)
- 52'57'' Eichmann όberreicht Gerichtsmitarbeiter Dokument, dieser gibt es an Servatius weiter
- 53'13'' Ferencz (nah)
- 53'41'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 53'54'' Ferencz (nah)
- 54'10'' άbersetzer
- 54'22'' Ferencz (nah)
- 54'27'' Eichmann
- 54'31'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 54'43'' Ferencz (nah)
- 55'18'' Gerichtssaal (total)
- 55'24'' Ferencz (nah)
- 55'37'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 56'12'' άbersetzer
- 56'16'' Ferencz (nah)
- 56'26'' άbersetzer
- 56'30'' Eichmann
- 56'38'' Ferencz, Bach unscharf
- 56'58'' Eichmann
- 57'02'' Ferencz (nah), Bach unscharf
- 57'18'' Eichmann
- 57'38'' Ferencz (nah)
- 57'49'' Eichmann
- 57'55' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 58'15'' Ferencz (nah)
- 58'28'' Eichmann
- 58'33'' Ferencz (nah)
- 59'08'' Eichmann
- 59'13'' Ferencz (nah)
- 59'34'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 59'44'' Ferencz (nah)
- 59'54'' Eichmann (nah)
- 60'00'' Ferencz (nah)
- 60'18'' Ferencz im Zeugenstand
- 60'21'' Ferencz (nah)
- 60'29'' Eichmann (nah)
- 60'42'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand
- 60'48'' Ferencz (nah)
- 60'54'' Ferencz im Zeugenstand
- 60'58'' Ferencz (nah)
- 01'12'' Eichmann (nah)
- 61'20'' Ferencz (nah)
- 61'38'' Eichmann schreibend
- 61'42'' Ende
===
=== Tonprotokoll, Engl. άbersetzung (- min/sek):
=== Sitzung 054.01 - 26.05.1961:
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 00’58’’ Gordon: No. During the time I worked on the Schwabenberg, I did not see Adolf Eichmann
- 01’03’’ Bach: Did you see Adolf Eichmann at all while you were working in that service?
- 01’10’’ Gordon: Yes
- 01’11’’ Bach: When?
- 01’14’’ Gordon: After the middle of May 1944, we received an order; we were classified they sorted out about fifteen Jews about ten young people and five adults and we were transferred to a particular place, which was called the "Rose Hill" in one of the districts of Buda, and we were taken to a villa, which as it turned out afterwards, was the private residence of Adolf Eichmann. Previously, before the War, this villa belonged to a Jewish industrialist, the owner of the Tungsram and Orion factories
- 01’52’’ Bach: What was his name?
- 01’55’’ Gordon: Leopold Aschner. He was the legal owner of the villa
- 02’04’’ Bach: And that was where Eichmann lived?
- 02’05’’ Gordon: Yes
- 02’08’’ Bach: What were you supposed to do in this district?
- 02’13’’ Gordon: First of all, a German awaited us, he was dressed in short trousers, a man by the name of Slawik, and he showed us a small storeroom for work tools at the rear entrance of this building, and he gave us tools, and we went out into the garden of the building. It was a large garden, and he ordered us to dig ditches
- 02’42’’ Bach: When you say "us", how many were you?
- 02’45’’ Gordon: There were fifteen of us
- 02’48’’ Bach: Were these the same fifteen?
- 02’50’’ Gordon: The same fifteen
- 02’54’’ Bach: Do you know who this Slawik was what was his rank and his duties?
- 02’56’’ Gordon: We did not know exactly what his duties were, but we thought he was Eichmann's bodyguard
- 03’04’’ Bach: Did he sometimes walk around in uniform, or was he always dressed in the way you have described?
- 03’08’’ Gordon: I only saw him wearing civilian clothes
- 03’12’’ Bach: How did you know his name was Slawik?
- 03’14’’ Gordon: He introduced himself, saying that his name was Slawik and that "you had better beware of me."
- 03’22’’ Bach: And he made you dig these ditches?
- 03’25’’ Gordon: It was in this garden, a very large garden, and we were forced to dig about twenty ditches in that garden
- 03’37’’ Bach: How long did you work there?
- 03’40’’ Gordon: I worked at that place for about a month, until the middle of June
- 03’44’’ Bach: Every day?
- 03’46’’ Gordon: Yes
- 03’47’’ Bach: And all the time with the rest of your companions?
- 03’50’’ Gordon: No. Although the group did not change, in the middle of this period, when the deportations began from the suburbs of Budapest, from Ujpest, Kispest and so on, there were also some Jews from these localities who came to work. And in the middle of this period they suddenly stopped coming. And then we understood that they had been deported
- 04’10’’ Bach: You told us about Slawik. How did you know that this villa served as a residence for Adolf Eichmann?
- 04’20’’ Gordon: First of all, the engineer in charge of us told us that one of the Gestapo commanders from Budapest, whose name was Adolf Eichmann, lived there, and Slawik also mentioned his name
- 04’35’’ Bach: Did you also see Eichmann?
- 04’38’’ Gordon: I saw him a number of times
- 04’46’’ Bach: You see the Accused here. Are you able to say with certainty that he is the man?
- 04’53’’ Gordon: I must point out that he has changed since then. But I have seen old pictures of him. I saw his pictures in the press
- 05’10’’ Bach: Mr. Gordon:, look at these photographs. Are you able to say anything about them?
- 05’16’’ Gordon: This is the man without a shadow of a doubt
- 05’23’’ Landau: There are three photographs here, Mr. Gordon. To which photograph are you referring?
- 05’31’’ Gordon: To the right-hand photograph, mainly, at the top
- 05’36’’ Bach: I would apply to submit this document to the Court. The Court will notice that this exhibit is actually signed on the reverse side by the Accused
- 06’02’’ Landau: Has it been showed to the Accused?
- 06’03’’ Bach: Yes. And he has acknowledged it
- 06’08’’ Landau: Did he acknowledge it in his statement?
- 06’13’’ Bach: I believe that these photographs, each one separately, were shown to him. But I shall check this matter once more. If it should be necessary, we will submit additional proof on the question of this signature
- 06’36’’ Landau: This document will be marked T/1125
- 07’04’’ Bach: When you saw Eichmann, how was he dressed?
- 07’10’’ Gordon: He used to walk around inside the villa. I saw him first on the veranda, on the balcony of the second floor of the villa what in European terms is called the first floor
- 07’20’’ Bach: How many floors were there in the villa altogether?
- 07’23’’ Gordon: I would say one floor, but in Israel this would be referred two as two floors. There was a ground floor and another floor
- 07’31’’ Bach: And where did he reside?
- 07’36’’ Gordon: He resided on the upper floor
- 07’37’’ Bach: And where did you see him?
- 07’40’’ Gordon: I saw him for the first time when he was sitting on the balcony and drinking, sipping drinks. I saw him a second time during a bombing, an air raid. On that occasion he was walking around, strolling in his garden, and we were carrying on with our work on the trenches. He started shouting at us to get into the trenches. And Slawik came after him
- 08’13’’ Landau: Did he himself also get into a trench?
- 08’14’’ Gordon: No, he did not get into a trench
- 08’15’’ Bach: What did Slawik do?
- 08’16’’ Gordon: Slawik stood next to him
- 08’20’’ Bach: How many times, in all, did you see Eichmann?
- 08’25’’ Gordon: I the next time I saw him was when I was working in one of the trenches and I suddenly heard shouts. I saw Eichmann's chauffeur, who was a young man
- 08’40’’ Bach: What was his name?
- 08’41’’ Gordon: I remember his name as Teitel. I saw and heard this soldier approaching one of the Jewish boys working with us. I knew him by the name of Salomon
- 09’02’’ Bach: Was that his surname or his first name?
- 09’07’’ Gordon: I don't know. We knew him by that name
- 09’09’’ Bach: When you say "boy" how old was he?
- 09’13’’ Gordon: He was our age, 16 years old, 17 at most
- 09’17’’ Bach: Tell us in your own words what happened
- 09’24’’ Gordon: I saw how this soldier, Teitel, went up to this boy and shouted at him. I saw how Slawik also appeared suddenly, clad in his short trousers, as I remember it, and half-naked
- 09’39’’ Bach: What do you mean by "half-naked"?
- 09’40’’ Gordon: Without a shirt or vest
- 09’43’’ Bach: That means that the upper half of his body was completely exposed?
- 09’45’’ Gordon: Yes
- 09’47’’ Bach: And so, what were they shouting?
- 09’49’’ Gordon: They were shouting something like: "You have stolen cherries from the tree!", as if it were so in fact. Eichmann was standing on the upper floor balcony. Apparently some conversation between then had taken place
- 10’16’’ Bach: Before you refer to that conversation where was this Salomon boy working at that time?
- 10’19’’ Gordon: I was working on the trench in the centre, and it seems to me that he was working on the trench to my right a distance of 10-15 metres from me
- 10’25’’ Bach: were there trees there, cherry trees?
- 10’28’’ Gordon: I don't remember whether there were cherry trees in that garden. But close to this villa there was an orchard of fruit trees, and this orchard also formerly belonged to the owner of the villa, Aschner
- 11’07’’ Bach: Tell me further: When Slawik and Teitel shouted at Salomon, how did the boy react?
- 11’14’’ Gordon: He began shouting: "I didn't do it, I am innocent." After that I saw how Slawik and Teitel were leading the boy, holding him
- 11’25’’ Bach: Before you come to that you said there was a conversation between them and Eichmann who was standing on the balcony. Did you hear what they were saying?
- 11’34’’ Gordon: I heard Teitel say that the boy had stolen fruit, cherries had stolen them from the trees. Apparently he asked what should be done with him. This I could no longer follow. That apparently is my conclusion
- 11’49’’ Bach: Did you hear the reply?
- 11’51’’ Gordon: I did not hear the reply
- 11’53’’ Bach: What was the next thing you saw?
- 11’55’’ Gordon: I saw how the boy was taken by Slawik and Teitel towards the tool shed, the shed from which we used to take out work tools for our work. I saw how they shut the lad in, pushed him. They were leading him on against his will. They forced him into the shed and locked him in there. After that I saw that the chauffeur went away. I did not notice where he was after that. I noticed Slawik returning, going round the building, suddenly he disappeared from my view. Afterwards I saw that he returned with Eichmann, and the two of them entered the toolshed
- 12’42’’ Bach: Now please explain something to me: You said that he returned with Eichmann; from what direction did they come Eichmann and Slawik?
- 12’51’’ Gordon: They came round the building
- 12’55’’ Bach: Was it not possible to reach the toolshed from inside the house? Did they have to leave the building?
- 13’03’’ Gordon: This toolshed, which I have referred to, was to the rear of the building, and there was only one entrance from the road. In order to get to the shed, they had to go right round the house
- 13’16’’ Bach: Mr. Gordon:, would you kindly make a sketch of the building, showing where the front was, and where was the rear, where was the balcony you mentioned, where was the toolshed, and where were you standing when you saw all those things happen. I think this will make it clearer to the Court. It doesn't have to be exactly to scale we require to see the various directions so that we may understand your story. Your Honour, the exhibit, which was previously submitted by me, has already been marked T/37(7)
- 16’04’’ Bach: Perhaps you would explain what you were doing, and whenever you come to a particular place, mark it with a letter, so that the Court may know what you are referring to
- 16’15’’ Gordon: The entrance to this building was on Apostol Street that was the name of the street where Eichmann lived. I don't remember the exact number, but I think it was No.13. Here is the entrance to the front garden the building begins here this is the front of the house, the main entrance. In order to reach the place where we were working, we had to pass on this side and to go in through the back entrance. This is the entrance to a small cellar it was not really a cellar. We had to go down a few steps. On the right hand side there was a door, and that is where the toolshed was. This is the garden of the villa. This lay in the direction of the Danube. It was a very large garden. I don't think that there are gardens of this kind in Israel. Our task was to prepare some rows of trenches. I have not sketched in all the trenches. Here, roughly, is the set of trenches, the place I am speaking of is this entrance here. One had to go down two or three steps. The corridor is narrow and the entrance on this side that is the place I am talking about. Here is the toolshed
- 17’46’’ Bach: Would you please mark this with the letter "A"?
- 17’47’’ Gordon: I have marked the place with the letter "M."
- 17’51’’ Bach: Where is the corridor you are talking about?
- 17’54’’ Gordon: This part here
- 17’58’’ Landau: And what is that on the side?
- 18’01’’ Gordon: This is also a balcony, on the side of the building, its side facade. There were also balconies on the front side, but I do not remember them
- 18’10’’ Bach: Would you please mark, with an "A," the balcony where you saw the Accused? Were these orchards in the direction of the Danube?
- 18’39’’ Gordon: Both the building and the orchard led towards the Danube. It was a slope, a decline in the direction of the Danube. This is the orchard. The building and the fruit orchard did not have a common fence. In order to get to the orchard, one had to pass along a narrow path
- 19’00’’ Landau: Please explain why it was necessary to go around this shed?
- 19’15’’ Gordon: This shed ended against a wall. There was no entrance at all from the front side. To get to the shed one had to go right around for there was no entrance from the back
- 20’00’’ Landau: From which orchard did they say that this boy stole fruit? Was it from the orchard to the side or from another one?
- 20’10’’ Gordon: We did not believe for a moment that this boy stole the cherries
- 20’15’’ Landau: I am saying that they said that he had stolen. From which orchard?
- 20’20’’ Gordon: I don't know, I don't remember
- 20’30’’ Bach: By the way, were all the fifteen young men working there all Jewish, Including this Salomon?
- 20’38’’ Gordon: Yes
- 20’43’’ Landau: I have marked the sketch T/1153
- 21’08’’ Bach: Do you know anything at all about this boy, where he came from?
- 21’13’’ Gordon: We knew about him. He didn't tell us, but it was said that he had escaped from the zone of Carpatho- Russia, the region of Munkacs. He fled to Budapest and was accepted for work on the Schwabenberg
- 21’33’’ Bach: You told us that you saw Eichmann and Slawik coming together towards the shed. How was the Accused dressed?
- 21’44’’ Gordon: He wore long trousers and a light-coloured shirt. He was not in uniform. Perhaps the trousers were part of a uniform, but I cannot say this with any certainty
- 21’56’’ Bach: What kind of shirt was it?
- 21’58’’ Gordon: A light-coloured shirt that I remember
- 22’00’’ Bach: Would you kindly tell the Court what happened after that?
- 22’07’’ Gordon: The boy was locked up in the shed. I saw the two of them going into the toolshed
- 22’15’’ Bach: Where, precisely, were you standing when you saw it?
- 22’17’’ Gordon: On the sketch I have shown a trench opposite the back entrance. I was working in this trench
- 22’23’’ Bach: What distance was that trench from the door of the shed?
- 22’27’’ Gordon: Ten to twelve metres
- 22’30’’ Landau: Would you, perhaps, show us to what trench you are referring, and mark it, let us say with the Hebrew letter "Bet."
- 22’56’’ Gordon: I have already marked it, in error, with the Roman letter "B."
- 23’05’’ Landau: These circles, are they the trenches? What were the trenches for?
- 23’12’’ Gordon: At that time we did not know why we were digging these trenches but, later on, it became clear to us that these were apparently positions for mortars. I am not absolutely sure of this, that was the conclusion we reached later
- 23’26’’ Landau: What was roughly the size of the trench?
- 23’30’’ Gordon: I think 150 centimetres deep and about 160-180 centimetres wide. At any rate we were able to stretch out our arms inside the trench
- 23’47’’ Bach: Now tell us, in your own words, what happened afterwards, exactly as you saw and heard it
- 23’55’’ Gordon: I was standing in the trench and I saw Slawik and Eichmann open the door and go in
- 24’03’’ Bach: Who was with you in the same trench?
- 24’04’’ Gordon: There was a Jewish boy, whose name I am not sure that I remember this correctly was Bruck. I think that was his name
- 24’16’’ Landau: Are you sure, or not sure?
- 24’18’’ Gordon: I am not sure of this. We worked there in all kinds of pairs. Generally I used to work with this boy and I presume that, on that day as well, I was working with him
- 24’27’’ Bach: Were there other young men together with you or near you who were also able to see and hear what was going on there?
- 24’34’’ Gordon: Yes, it was nearby, they could hear what was going on there, and from some of the trenches they could also see
- 24’37’’ Bach: But you were together with one other young man in your trench?
- 24’42’’ Gordon: Yes. I saw Eichmann and Slawik entering the toolshed. The door closed. After that I heard terrible screams, beatings, blows and crying
- 25’00’’ Bach: Did you identify the screams?
- 25’04’’ Gordon: Yes it was the voice of the boy who had been taken, and whom we knew by the name of Salomon. These screams lasted about 10-15 minutes I didn't measure the time, but I assume that it was so. Suddenly there was silence. And after I didn't hear the shouting any more, the door opened and Eichmann came out. I saw him, his clothing was dishevelled, he looked wild, his shirt was sticking out I noticed stains on his shirt and I thought that these were bloodstains. I didn't only think so, I knew, almost for certain that these were bloodstains
- 25’39’’ Bach: Were these stains also on his shirt when he went in?
- 25’43’’ Gordon: No. He went away quickly, and at the moment he passed by us he muttered words which I heard quite clearly. He said: "άbriges Mistvolk." I have remembered these words for seventeen years
- 26’19’’ Landau: How would you translate that? You know Hebrew quite well
- 26’23’’ Gordon: I would translate it "Superfluous dirty people, superfluous garbage people."
- 26’40’’ Landau: Did you learn German at school?
- 26’43’’ Gordon: At the age of 17 I knew German far better than I do now. Those were the words which I remember I didn't want to change them
- 27’00’’ Landau: You said that he looked wild, and you told us about his shirt. What can you tell us in general, what did you notice in his external appearance that was different from his earlier appearance?
- 27’18’’ Gordon: I came to the conclusion that he had taken an active part in beating the boy
- 27’26’’ Bach: Was that the conclusion you came to? On the basis of what facts did you reach these conclusions?
- 27’32’’ Landau: He has already described his appearance
- 27’38’’ Bach: Tell us simply everything that you saw
- 27’42’’ Gordon: When he went inside, he was dressed meticulously. When he came out, his shirt was hanging out, and his clothing was disarranged. I would say that he was tired he was breathing deeply. That's it
- 27’57’’ Bach: Those stains that you saw how big were they?
- 28’01’’ Gordon. I don't remember
- 28’03’’ Bach: Approximately?
- 28’04’’ Gordon: I can't remember that
- 28’05’’ Bach: On what side of the shirt did you see these stains, on the front portion or on the rear?
- 28’11’’ Gordon: On the front, at any rate
- 28’17’’ Bach: After he went out, in what direction did he go?
- 28’23’’ Gordon: He went the same way as he had come
- 28’27’’ Bach: Did you also see Slawik?
- 28’29’’ Gordon: Yes. I saw Slawik afterwards. A few minutes after Eichmann came out and left the place, Slawik came out. I saw that he was looking for his driver. And he also shouted for him. Later on I saw Teitel appear, but I did not notice from what direction. They went into the shed and they dragged the boy's body outside. I saw how they were holding him by the legs and dragging him. The boy was lifeless
- 29’11’’ Bach: Did you see any signs of life in the boy?
- 29’12’’ Gordon: No
- 29’15’’ Bach: Perhaps you would describe what you saw on the boy?
- 29’16’’ Gordon: It was no longer a human form. I could see his eyes, the face was swollen, it was completely covered with blood. It is difficult for me to describe it exactly. He was torn, rent apart; they dragged him away and put him down in front of the back entrance. After that the driver went away, and brought back a kind of car-boat the kind used by the German army
- 30’07’’ State Attorney Bach: Was this a car that belonged to Eichmann?
- 30’08’’ Witness Gordon: I assume so
- 30’09’’ Bach: It was at his disposal?
- 30’10’’ Gordon: Yes. It was a car which we saw every day. Apart from that, there was also a black private car in front of the building
- 30’18’’ Bach: You saw this car every day at this villa?
- 30’22’’ Gordon: I can't say exactly but I think so
- 30’26’’ Bach: What happened then?
- 30’28’’ Gordon: After the car arrived I saw how the body of this boy was placed in the back seat. As it looked to us, it appeared that they placed the body under the back seat. Then the chauffeur drove off and returned about half an hour later and ordered us to carry on working. He came up to us we were then in a larger group, working together. I don't remember what we were actually doing at the time, but he came up to us and spoke to us, expressly in Hungarian. He was a Swabian who knew Hungarian
- 31’12’’ Landau: From Transylvania?
- 31’55’‘ Gordon: No. The Swabians lived in an area near the Austrian frontier. This was a Hungarian sect, speaking German. I am speaking of Teitel. He said to us: "I threw the carcass into the Danube. You will all suffer the same fate as that boy."
- 31’45’’ Bach: This Teitel…
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- 32’00’’ Servatius: At the time of this occurrence, were other young men of the same age present?
- 32’07’’ Gordon: Yes
- 32’14’’ Servatius: How did all of them, together, react to this incident?
- 32’23’’ Gordon: It is difficult for me to speak in the name of others. I can only tell you of my personal feeling. And if the feeling of the others was the same as mine, well we were all terrified, we experienced a sense of shame and helplessness
- 32’58’’ Servatius: Did you know of the existence of a Jewish Council in Budapest?
- 33’06’’ Gordon: Yes this fact was known to us
- 33’13’’ Servatius: Did you inform them of what you had seen?
- 33’23’’ Gordon: We informed the engineer who was in charge of us we thought that he ought to deal with this matter
- 33’45’’ Servatius: Was this the only experience of bloodshed which you had in Hungary, or did you witness other events of the same kind?
- 34’00’’ Gordon:. No, sir, this was the first murder I had seen in my life and that is a fact which I remember so well. After that I witnessed many murders, especially in the last three months
- 34’34’’ Servatius: This sketch that you drew earlier how many times had you done that previously?
- 34’44’’ Gordon: I was asked to do so once when I was being interrogated, but then I did not draw a detailed sketch; I merely indicated on what side the entrance was from the direction of the street, and on what side there was the fruit orchard. No...I also pointed out the entrance to the shed, I remember that now
- 35’22’’ Servatius: In this sketch you drew various pits that you dug and you said that these were intended for mortar positions. Did I understand you correctly?
- 35’35’’ Gordon: I said that at the time we dug the trenches we did not know the purpose for which we were making them; afterwards we drew our conclusions. After I had seen other trenches of this kind, I gathered that these trenches, too, were intended for mortar positions
- 36’24’’ Servatius: You said that Eichmann passed by and said: "Superfluous dirty people" and in this way he expressed his contempt. But how do you explain the fact that he told you to jump into the trenches when an air-raid attack was in progress?
- 36’51’’ Gordon: I don't remember the exact words by which he told us to go into the trenches
- 37’00’’ Landau: The intention was to show you that he was concerned for your safety, and that he wanted you to enter the trenches when the air attack began
- 37’10’’ Gordon: When the bombing began, we apparently expressed our joy every time we saw the American and British bombers, we rejoiced because this was bringing the end of the war closer, and possibly someone even expressed this openly and in a loud voice. That was the reason to deprive us of the joy of seeing the oil burning in Budapest. This apparently was the reason why he told us to get into the trenches, and not because he was concerned for our safety
- 38’10’’ Servatius: Would it not have been more logical or more correct, in view of Eichmann's character as you described it just now, for him to have said: "Come here, I will deal with you now, and give you special treatment for expressing your joy at the air-raid" and not for him to tell you to get into the trenches?
- 38’29’’ Gordon: I must point out that I have not made a psychological research into the character of Eichmann, and I do not know what is appropriate to his character and what is not appropriate; I simply indicated facts as I saw and heard them
- 38’42’’ Servatius: I do not have any more questions to the witness
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- 38’50’’ Gordon: I saw the gardener's wife, who lived in one of the rooms, I don't know which one
- 38’58’’ Landau: And was that all?
- 39’01’’ Gordon: On one occasion I saw a German sentry inside the building
- 39’06’’ Landau. How old was this boy Salomon?
- 39’10’’ Gordon: His age was exactly the same as mine 16 or 17
- 39’20’’ Landau: When Slawik and Eichmann entered this shed, did Slawik have anything in his hands some instrument?
- 39’30’’ Gordon: I didn't notice anything
- 39’33’’ Landau: And in Eichmann's hands?
- 39’35’’ Gordon: Here, too, I didn't see anything. But there were work tools inside the shed pick-axes and spades
- 39’50’’ Landau: What kind of noises did you hear from there? Or, more correctly, I would ask: Did you hear any noises apart from the boy's shouts?
- 40’04’’ Gordon: I heard shouting. However I could not distinguish words. There was confused shouting. I also heard shouts in German
- 40’15’’ Landau: Apart from that any noises?
- 40’17’’ Gordon: Also the voice of the boy. He cried, he pleaded. It sounded as if they were kicking him. I heard the sound of something heavy
- 40’32’’ Landau: Regarding that statement you made at Eilat, in what language were you speaking?
- 40’35’’ I spoke Hebrew
- 40’38’’ Landau: And the policeman wrote it down in Hebrew?
- 40’40’’ Gordon: Yes
- 40’41’’ Landau: And afterwards he read out to you what he had recorded?
- 40’43’’ Gordon: Yes
- 40’45’’ Landau: What did you actually tell him about your conversation with your brother?
- 40’50’’ Gordon: I said to him that I had told him on the same day. It simply could not have been otherwise
- 40'57’’ Landau: And he wrote down "a year later"?
- 40’59’’ Gordon: Yes
- 41’02’’ Landau: And he read it to you?
- 41’03’’ Gordon: He read it to me, but I was simply tired from the conversation and didn't pay attention exactly to what he was reading back to me
- 41’15’’ Landau: Were you together with your brother a year after the incident?
- 41’21’’ Gordon: We were together all the time
- 41’26’’ But approximately a year after the event?
- 41’32’’ Gordon: Even after less than a year I was together with him. We met after the War after the liberation of Budapest and met for a second time in March 1945
- 41’42’’ Landau: What is your present occupation?
- 41’46’’ Gordon: I am in charge of the watchmen's department of the Timna Copper Works
- 41’56’’ Landau: You have concluded your evidence unless Dr. Servatius wants to ask you something in connection with the questions put to you by the Judges
- 42’27’’ Servatius: Witness, you said earlier that in the shed there were work tools with which it was possible to mishandle Salomon. But previous to that you said you heard the lashes of a whip?
- 42’41’’ Gordon: I didn't mention lashes of a whip
- 43’10’’ Servatius: Perhaps the reference is to that statement, when you said: "After they had entered, they closed the door, and for half an hour I heard blows of a whip or a belt?"
- 43’20’’ Gordon: I was referring to a trouser belt. I imagined to myself, and it could only have been an assumption on my part, that they had taken off their belts and struck the boy According to the sounds it could have been either a whip
or a belt
- 43’47’’ Landau: At any rate, when the two of them went inside, neither of them was carrying a whip?
- 43’52’’ Gordon: Certainly not a whip
- 43’53’’ Landau: As far as you were aware, was there a whip inside the shed?
- 43’50’’ Gordon: No
- 44’00’’ Landau: Did you enter this shed from time to time?
- 44’03’’ Gordon: We entered this shed every morning
- 44’23’’ Servatius: It says here "...or blows with a belt." When one removes a belt, do not the trousers fall down, so that it is no longer possible to do anything?
- 44’37’’ Gordon: I believe it is possible to wear trousers without a belt as well. But I don't know exactly that it was, in fact, a belt I merely assumed this
- 44’58’’ Servatius: I have no further questions
- 45’02’’ Landau: Again with regard to this belt. Are you able to say whether either of the two was wearing a belt when they went inside?
- 45’12’’ Gordon: I didn't notice that but I supposed that Slawik who was rather stout, also wore a belt
- 45’20’’ Landau. Did you, in this regard, notice any change in their apparel when they came out as compared with what it was when they went in?
- 45’28’’ Gordon: Definitely
- 45’30’’ Landau I mean that one of them who had a belt when entering, came out of there without a belt or was carrying a belt in his hand something of that nature
- 45’42’’ Gordon: We were simply too terrified then to be able to notice
these small details
- 45’48’’ Landau: Mr. Bach, as the result of these questions do you have anything more to ask of the witness?
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- 46’10’’ Landau: This will be exhibit T/1156
- 46’16’’ Bach: There are several rather important points in the minutes
- 46’22’’ Landau: Where is the original affidavit? We only have a copy of it. Why?
- 46’40’’ Bach: We shall immediately submit it. I thought that it had been submitted. It states here: "Eichmann summoned the Jewish Council to come to him at the Schwabenberg, to the Majestic Hotel and he laid before them the pro memoria plan. Those present were Obersturmbannfuehrer Eichmann and Krumey, Hauptsturmbannfuehrer Wisliceny and another German officer. Representing the Jews: The President Samu Stern, the Vice President Dr. Ernφ Boda, Dr. Ernφ Petφ and the counsel, Dr. Jαnos Gαbor. At the outset President Stern presented certain requests. Following this, Eichmann began his address, and spoke first of all about the Jewish star. He said that the Jewish Council would have to provide the star. There was some discussion on this matter and thereafter he said that as from 5 o'clock all Jews would have to wear the yellow star which would be exchanged afterwards by the one which the Jewish Council had to supply. He said that the Jewish Council would have to provide about three million stars. He also demanded that the stars should be uniform throughout the country. Afterwards he passed on to questions regarding housing. He said that in the case of a change of address, they had to notify him about it and receive permission from him. He said he would also deal with matters concerning Kistarcsa he could not say when this would be. This was in reply to a request that he release those who were detained in Kistarcsa when the Germans first arrived. He said they could apply to him in this connection, but he warned them not to deceive him. He expressed his opinion that the most important objective was to increase industrial productivity that was so essential to the war effort. To this end he had created a labour force, and this was comprised of Jewish workers specifically. If the Jews behaved properly, nothing would happen to them, and they would be treated as all other workers, and this applied to work productivity. After that he added that these people would enjoy fair treatment and would receive the same wages as other workers. We said that, for this purpose, we would have to obtain a mandate. To this he retorted that we should have to abandon such liberal attitudes, and that we should not ask but command. "At a later stage in the minutes Eichmann mentioned that he was taking a very great interest in Jewish artistic works and in Jewish libraries. Since 1934 he had been dealing with Jewish affairs and that he knew Hebrew better than we did. We told him that we had a Jewish museum in which antiquities and libraries were kept. He said he would visit it. Thereafter he issued various instructions regarding the supply of goods to the Germans and concerning the submission of lists of Jewish organizations. Later on he stressed that these orders would be valid only for the duration of the War, that is to say the orders by the Germans, and that, afterwards, the Jews would be free and would be able to do as they pleased. Everything that was happening in regard to Jewish affairs was only for the duration of the War. When the War was over, the Germans would again be pleasant towards people, as they had been in the past "He would prefer this to be carried out without violence. Only in case of resistance would there be need of force. If the Jews went over to partisan operations he would kill them off without mercy. The Jews had to understand that nothing was being demanded of them except discipline and order. If there would be discipline and order then not only would Jewry have nothing to fear, but he would defend Jewry and it would live under the same good conditions as regards payment and treatment, like all the other workers. He would especially appreciate it if they would make his views public amongst all sections of Jewry. He also stated that he would prevent all plunder of Jewish possessions and that he would punish those seeking to enrich themselves from Jewish property. "After that there came a moment of excitement. Dr. Jαnos Gαbor rose and said that he was very unhappy because of the wearing of the Jewish star. His father had served in the World War as a mililtary judge, with the rank of major. His grandfather had been a 'Honved' in the 1848 revolution. The wearing of the star would incite the riff raff to shame the Jews in the street and to attack them. To this Eichmann replied that he would not permit anyone to suffer because of the star and if such incidents were to occur he should be notified and he would attend to them." The Court will take note that Dr. Boda, in fact, confirms that his minutes are contained in a certain book, and they were printed there in Hungarian. What we have submitted to the Court is a translation of those minutes into German. We shall submit to you, later on, confirmation that this German translation is a correct translation from the Hungarian book which we are also prepared to place at the Court's disposal
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- 53’18’’ Ferencz. I did not doubt for a moment that the Accused gave the orders. He supplied him with the plans and he was but the one to carry them out, as a representative of the Hungarian Government
- 53’36’’ State Attorney Bach: I understand that the question in Hungarian was not put in such a way that the witness could understand it in the sense it was asked. Perhaps I can ask him once again: What did Endre say to the witness about his operative and administrative relations with the Accused?
- 54’09’’ Ferencz: He said not only to me but also in his interrogation that it was the Accused who gave the orders, and subsequently he reported to the Accused
- 54’30’’ Bach: Who decided, according to what Endre said, from which ghetto, and when, the Jews had to be evacuated and in what order?
- 54’55’’ Ferencz: I am not certain, I don't remember exactly, that Dφme Sztojay, on his return from Germany, already brought with him the whole plan for the evacuation of the Jews. But I don't know this with absolute certainty
- 55’19’’ Bach: Is this what Endre told you?
- 55’28’’ Ferencz: Not only Endre told me this, but it also came out in the trial of Dφme Sztojay who was hanged
- 55’40’’ Landau: Please confine your remarks to what you heard from Endre, without drawing conclusions on the basis of something else you heard
- 55’53’’ Bach: The question is: What did Endre tell you - who in Hungary decided from which ghetto Jews had to be deported, when they had to be deported and to what place they had to be deported?
- 56’23’’ Ferencz: It was the Accused, and he (Endre) also reported to the Accused
- 56’40’’ Bach: For how long did you converse with Baky?
- 56’48’’ Ferencz: Very briefly
- 56’50’’ Bach: Can you tell us only what he said to you about the Accused?
- 57’18’’ Ferencz: He said that the orders which Endre received from the Accused were given to him to carry out. He reported the results to Endre. This was the procedure by which the events took place. I don't remember whether Baky ever said that he had spoken face to face with the Accused
- 57’57’’ Bach: What were Baky's duties in the Hungarian Government?
- 58’25’’ Ferencz: Baky was also State Secretary in the Ministry of the Interior. He was in charge of the gendarmerie, he controlled the gendarmerie and he passed on orders for implementation to the commanders of the gendarmerie
- 58’46’’ Bach: By the way, were these matters, the contents of your conversation with Endre and the contents of your conversation with Baky, recorded by anyone?
- 59’06’’ Ferencz: We prepared a minute which was placed in the secret archives. First I showed the minute to the Minister and afterwards it was placed in the secret archives
- 59’33’’ Bach: Did you also speak to Peter Hain at a certain stage?
- 59’48’’ Ferencz: Yes, I also spoke to Peter Hain before he was put to death by hanging, not before he was hanged. This was a complicated affair, for he was hanged twice. On the first occasion, when he was being led to the gallows, he escaped from his guards and jumped from the third floor, and broke his spine, so that they had to take him to the prison hospital, where he lay for some time, and only after that was he hanged
- 60’42’’ Bach: At any rate, you spoke to him at a time when he believed that he was about to be executed?
- 60’58’’ Ferencz: I spoke to him, when his application for clemency had been rejected before the first so-called hanging, inside the death cell
- 61’17’’ Bach: I do not remember whether I have already asked you what were the duties of this Peter Hain?
- 61’37’’ Ferencz: Peter Hain was an Inspector of Police
- 61'40'' END
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
=== Erfassung lt.: N.N.: The Trial of Adolf Eichmann. Record of Proceedings in the District Court of Jerusalem, Vol. 3, Jerusalem: State of Israel, Ministry of Justice / Israel State Archive / Yad Vashem, 1993, redigiert