Inhalt (detailliert) |
=== Einstellungsprotokoll (- min/sek):
- 00'37'' ARCHIV-VORSPANN
- 00'39'' Filmklappe "TRIAL OF ADOLF EICHMANN / DATE: JUNE 6.1961 / SESSION: A.M.I. / Produced by / MILTON FRUCHTMAN / Directed by / LEO HURWITZ / CAPITAL CITIES BROADCASTING CORPORATION"
=== Sitzung 66.01 - 06.06.1961:
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 00'55'' Shimon Srebrnik (Zeuge) vor Mikrofon
- 01'27'' Gideon Hausner (Generalstaatsanwalt) stehend (nah)
- 01'32'' Srebrnik
- 02'06'' Hausner (nah)
- 02'10'' Srebrnik lδuft zu Moshe Landau (Vorsitzender Richter), Benjamin Halevi (Richter) u. Yizhak Raveh (Richter), Schwenk zu Richtern. Srebrnik lδuft zurόck zu Zeugenstand u. setzt sich
- 03'07'' Hausner
- 03'09'' Srebrnik im Zeugenstand, im Hintergrund Foto von Modell Treblinka
- 03'30'' Adolf Eichman (mit Anzug) mit Kopfhφrern, Hδnde gefaltet im Schoί
- 03'41'' Srebrnik, Hausner unscharf
- 03'54'' Landau
- 04'00'' Srebrnik, Hausner unscharf
- 04'21'' Eichmann (nah)
- 04'24'' Srebrnik
- 04'36'' Eichmann (nah)
- 04'43'' Landau
- 04'48'' Srebrnik (nah)
- 05'01'' Landau
- 05'05'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total), Schwenk zu Srebrnik
- 05'15'' Eichmann (nah)
- 05'24'' Srebrnik (nah), Hausner unscharf
- 05'41'' Hausner
- 05'50'' Srebrnik im Zeugenstand
- 05'56'' Srebrnik (nah), Hausner unscharf. Srebrnik wischt sich mit Taschentuch Trδnen aus Augen. Robert Servatius (Eichmanns Verteidiger) erhebt sich kurz, unscharf
- 06'44'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
===
=== Sitzung 066.02 - 06.06.1961:
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 06'47'' Yaakov Wiernik (Zeuge) u. Hausner
- 06'56'' Wiernik im Zeugenstand, Hausner unscharf. Wiernik dreht sich u. zeigt auf Modell (Foto) hinter ihm
- 07'08'' Wiernik u. Hausner
- 07'11'' Wiernik, Hausner unscharf, Wiernik dreht sich u. zeigt auf Modell (Foto)
- 07'26'' Foto Warschauer Ghetto (nah)
- 07'33'' Wiernik, Hausner unscharf. Wiernik steht auf, Wachmann gibt ihm Zeigestock u. er zeigt erklδrend auf das Modell (Foto)
- 08'48'' Wiernik im Zeugenstand u. Hausner von hinten. Foto an der Wand, Mikrofon wird anders angebracht
- 09'58'' Wiernik u. Hausner vor Mikrofonen, Wiernik mit Zeigestock vor Modell (Foto)
- 10'17'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 10'20'' Wiernik u. Hausner vor Mikrofonen, Wiernik mit Zeigestock vor Modell (Foto)
- 10'36'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 10'40'' Wiernik u. Hausner vor Mikrofonen, Wiernik mit Zeigestock vor Modell (Foto), Hausner stellt sich neben Wiernik, Mikrofon wird umgestellt
- 11'30'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total), Hausner u. Wiernik vor Modell (Foto)
- 11'36'' Wiernik u. Hausner vor Fotografie, beide von hinten
- 12'08'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 12'17'' Wiernik u. Hausner vor Modell (Foto), beide von hinten
- 12'48'' Halevi, Landau u. Raveh
- 12'52'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 12'55'' Kalman Teigman (Zeuge) im Zeugenstand, Hausner unscharf, Teigman steht auf, nimmt Zeigestock entgegen u. zeigt damit auf Modell (Foto), Gerichtsmitarbeiter hδlt Mikrofon
- 13'15'' Teigman und Gerichtsmitarbeiter von hinten vor Foto
- 13'22'' Teigman zeigt mit Zeigestock erklδrend auf Schienen u. Hόtten des Modells (Foto)
- 13'50'' Landau
- 13'54'' Teigman zeigt mit Zeigestock erklδrend auf Hόtten des Modells (Foto)
- 14'14'' Eichmann (nah)
- 14'17'' Teigman zeigt mit Zeigestock erklδrend auf Hόtten des Modells (Foto)
- 14'43'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 14'52'' Teigman zeigt mit Zeigestock erklδrend auf Modell (Foto)
- 15'14'' Eichmann (nah)
- 15'20'' Foto (nah)
- 15'50'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 16'03'' Teigman vor Foto, hδlt Zeigestock in der Hand
- 16'16'' Eichmann (nah)
- 16'23'' Teigman vor Foto, hδlt Zeigestock in der Hand
- 16'32'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 16'40'' Teigman vor Foto, hδlt Zeigestock in der Hand
- 17'08'' Landau u. Raveh
- 17'12'' Teigman vor Foto, hδlt Zeigestock in der Hand
- 17'44'' Eichmann (nah)
- 17'47'' Teigman vor Foto, hδlt Zeigestock in der Hand
- 17'53'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 17'56'' Teigman (nah)
- 18'00'' Teigman im Zeugenstand
- 18'12'' Hausner stehend
- 18'15'' Teigman (nah)
- 18'34'' Hausner u. Servatius
- 18'39'' Teigman (nah)
- 18'49'' Hausner u. Servatius
- 18'52'' Teigman im Zeugenstand
- 19'03'' Teigman (nah)
- 20'24'' Schwarzfilm
- 20'26'' Hausner
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 20'27'' Teigman (nah)
- 21'19'' Eichmann
- 21'24'' Teigman
- 21'58'' Eichmann (nah)
- 22'02'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 22'06'' Teigman
- 23'11'' Hausner (nah)
- 23'15'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total), Schwenk zu Teigman
- 23'29'' Teigman (nah)
- 24'02'' Landau
- 24'07'' Teigman (nah)
- 24'10'' Hausner schaut in Dokumente
- 24'15'' Teigman (nah)
- 24'22'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 24'25'' Eliahu Rosenberg (Zeuge) (nah)
- 25'04'' Landau
- 25'08'' Rosenberg (nah)
- 25'10'' Hausner
- 25'16'' Rosenberg (nah)
- 25'22'' Hausner
- 25'23'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total), Hausner zeigt auf Modell (Foto)
- 25'33'' Landau
- 25'36'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total), Rosenberg steht auf u. geht zu Modell (Foto)
- 26'02'' Landau
- 26'11'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total), Rosenberg steht mit Zeigestock in der Hand vor Modell (Foto)
- 26'27'' Hausner von hinten, Rosenberg vor Modell (Foto) mit Gerichtsmitarbeiter
- 26'39'' Landau
- 26'46'' Hausner von hinten, Rosenberg vor Modell (Foto) mit Gerichtsmitarbeiter, Rosenberg kehrt zu Zeugenstand zurόck
- 28'01'' Rosenberg im Zeugenstand, Gerichtsmitarbeiter befestigt Mikro
- 28'05'' Hausner
- 28'11'' Rosenberg im Zeugenstand
- 28'18'' Hausner
- 28'25'' Rosenberg im Zeugenstand
- 28'42'' Landau
- 28'46'' Rosenberg im Zeugenstand
- 28'56'' Hausner
- 29'05'' Rosenberg
- 29'20'' Eichmann
- 29'24'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 29'37'' Rosenberg (nah)
- 29'55'' Eichmann
- 30'03'' Rosenberg (nah)
- 30'27'' Landau u. Raveh, beide den Kopf in die Hand gestόtzt
- 30'30'' Rosenberg (nah)
- 30'39'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 30'42'' Rosenberg (nah)
- 30'57'' Eichmann (nah)
- 31'09'' Rosenberg
- 31'46'' Eichmann (nah)
- 31'54'' Rosenberg
- 32'10'' Eichmann (nah)
- 32'13'' Rosenberg (nah)
- 32'15'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
===
=== Sitzung 067.01 - 06.06.1961:
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 32'18'' David Wdowinski (Zeuge) betritt den Zeugenstand mit Aktentasche in der Hand
- 32'37'' Landau
- 32'40'' Wdowinski setzt Kipa auf (nah)
- 32'48'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand, die eine Hand auf der Bibel
- 32'52'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 32'56'' Landau
- 33'00'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 33'26'' Landau schreibend
- 33'32'' Wdowinski
- 33'41'' Landau schreibend
- 33'44'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand, legt Kipa ab
- 33'52'' Hausner
- 34'05'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 34'20'' Hausner
- 34'27'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 34'34'' Hausner schaut auf sein Dokument
- 34'46'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 35'00'' Hausner
- 35'12'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 35'15'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 35'50'' Hausner
- 36'04'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 36'08'' Hausner
- 36'11'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 36'40'' Hausner
- 36'51'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 37'12'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 37'17'' Hausner (nah)
- 37'22'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 37'28'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 37'38'' Hausner
- 37'41'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 38'20'' Hausner
- 38'23'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 38'29'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 38'50'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 38'54'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 39'10'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 39'25'' Hausner (nah)
- 39'27'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 39'36'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 39'56'' Landau
- 40'02'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 40'15'' Hausner (nah)
- 40'19'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 40'25'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 40'52'' Eichmann, Hδnde gefaltet im Schoί
- 40'56'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 41'30'' Eichmann
- 41'37'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 41'41'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total), Schwenk zu Wdowinski
- 42'00'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 42'37'' Eichmann (nah), Schwenk auf seine Hδnde u. Zettel, die vor ihm liegen
- 42'49'' Wdowinski, Schwenk von Hδnden zu Kopf
- 43'17'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 43'26'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 43'34'' Eichmann
- 43'42'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 43'50'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 44'22'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 44'38'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 44'55'' Eichmann
- 45'04'' Wdowinski (nah), er schόttelt den Kopf
- 45'58'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total), Schwenk zu Wdowinski
- 46'17'' Publikum, ein Zuschauer wischt sich mit Taschentuch die Trδnen aus den Augen
- 46'25'' Eichmann (nah)
- 46'28'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 46'51'' Zwei Frauen im Publikum, eine mit Kopfhφrer
- 46'54'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 48'04'' Hausner (nah)
- 48'06'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 48'20'' Publikum
- 48'25'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 48'45'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 48'59'' Landau
- 49'02'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 49'21'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 49'26'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 50'06'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 50'08'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 50'16'' Hausner (nah)
- 50'18'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 50'58'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 51'05'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 51'20'' Schwarzfilm
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 51'23'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 51'45'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 51'50'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 52'06'' Eichmann
- 52'13'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 52'18'' Eichmann
- 52'27'' Wdowinski zuckt mit den Schultern (nah)
- 52'34'' Eichmann
- 52'40'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 52'44'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 52'54'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 53'32'' Eichmann (nah)
- 53'38'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 53'56'' Eichmann lδchelt spφttisch und zieht eine Augenbraue hoch (nah)
- 54'02'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 54'11'' Landau
- 54'24'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 54'54'' Eichmann
- 54'57'' Gerichtssaal mit Zeugenstand (total)
- 55'00'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 55'20'' Servatius
- 55'22'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 56'01'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 56'07'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 56'41'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 56'48'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 57'22'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 57'35'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 57'45'' Hausner (nah)
- 58'00'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 58'13'' Hausner liest aus Dokument
- 58'20'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 58'45'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 58'55'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 59'09'' Eichmann
- 59'15'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 59'28'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 59'34'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 60'00'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 60'08'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 60'17'' Hausner
- 60'23'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 60'46'' Eichmann
- 60'50'' Wdowinski (nah)
- 61'26'' Eichmann lδchelt spφttisch
- 61'48'' Wdowinski im Zeugenstand
- 61'55'' Ende
=== [Fortgesetzte u. beendete Verhandlung der Sitzung auf Band EICHMANN TRIAL // SESSION 066.01 - 06-JUN-1961 // SESSION 066.03 - 06-JUN-1961 // SESSION 067.02 - 06-JUN-1961 // SESSION 068.01 - 07-JUN-1961 (VT EI149) [ET], 13'44''-16'55'']
===
=== Tonprotokoll, Engl. άbersetzung (- min/sek):
=== Sitzung 066.01 - 06.06.1961:
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 0056 Srebrnik: We dismantled the camp, all the huts, we cleaned everything, and in the winter this was in January 1945 they opened the door. Meister Lenz said: "Five people out!" I always used to run I was the youngest, so I ran. I did not even put on my trousers I went in underpants and vest only. I went outside, together with another young man from Czechoslovaki. He was a doctor. He immediately went into a state of shock he began to sing and dance. Then Meister Lenz asked Hans Bothmann where they should be made to lie down. Bothmann replied: "A little further away." He then told us to lie down. I lay down. The first five of us lay down. We lay there with our backs upwards, I heard the first shot, and then I began moving my head. There was a second shot and suddenly, with the third, I was hit by a bullet
- 0206 Hausner: Where did the bullet strike you?
- 0208 Srebrnik: Here
- 0210 Hausner: Show it to the Court
- 0250 Srebrnik: I remained lying down. Each time he passed by, walking with his ear to the ground so that he could hear whether anybody was still moving. When there was some kind of movement, he would pull out his revolver and shoot once again. After several minutes, I regained consciousness, and when I saw him approaching, I held my breath I did not breathe. I lay there. The second group of five came out. They were shot; there was a third group, and they were shot. There was a soldier standing near us to guard the dead; if there was still someone who was alive or who wanted to escape then he would shoot him. Then I escaped. I escaped and entered a stable belonging to some gentile there. I remained there until the liberation. When the Russians arrived, I was sitting there looking outside through a hole in the stable wall. I did not know whether this was a dream or reality; then someone came inside and opened the door I did not have time to look. He opened the door, he had a large moustache, and he said to me: "You can go out the Russians have already arrived." I went out, and then the commander of the Russians who had occupied Dabie brought a doctor. The doctor said I had no chance of survival, I could live another twelve or twenty-four hours "He has no chance of living, since he has received a bullet in his spine." At first sight, they thought that the wound had passed near the spine. Then they said: "He cannot live more than twelve hours." After thirty-six hours had passed and I was still alive, they realized that the bullet had penetrated not far from the spine
- 0505 Hausner: You were also wounded in the nose is that correct?
- 0507 Srebrnik: Yes. My nose was cut open in two places. I asked the doctors how this happened, and they told me that when the shot hit me, I must instinctively have raised my head, and afterwards it dropped downwards, and apparently there was some piece of glass there, and I received these cuts
- 0539 Hausner: What happened to your mother, Mr. Srebrnik?
- 0547 Srebrnik: In one of the sorting operations in which I was engaged I used to sort bags which contained documents, gold and silver I was examining a particular bag, and there I found photographs of my mother
- 0609 Hausner: Does this wound still bother you occasionally?
- 0615 Srebrnik: Yes
- 0618 Hausner: And have you managed to forget what you went through?
- 0623 Srebrnik: No. I don't sleep at night, I cannot sleep at night. I am constantly being haunted
- 0635 Landau: Dr. Servatius, do you have any questions?
- 0638Servatius: No, I have no questions to the witness
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
===
=== Sitzung 66.02 - 06.06.1961:
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 0648 Hausner: At a later stage, when you were already in Israel, you built a copy, a model, after the sketch, and this exists in Kibbutz Lohamei Hagetaot?
- 0702 Wiernik: Yes
- 0705 Hausner: And the photograph of this model, which is kept in the museum of Kibbutz Lohamei Hagetaot, that is the photograph which you see on the wall of the courtroom?
- 0723 Wiernik: Yes. That is an exact photograph
- 0734 Hausner: And now, please tell the Court, what is in this picture?
- 0800 Wiernik: That was the entrance This is where they remained standing. In the courtyard, there were the two large barracks, 1 and 2. They brought the women in to the left, and the men were kept outside. They made the women remove all their clothes
- 0956 Hausner: Did you say that the women went into the one barrack and the men into the other?
- 1041 Hausner: What happened to the women?
- 1223 Wiernik: Over here their hair was cut off. At the end, a small area was fenced off. Here their hair was cut off, and then they were taken to the gas chambers. Here was a building with three gas chambers; in the large building there were ten gas chambers. The doors were closed, and it lasted some forty to forty-five minutes
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 1324 Teigman: The train came in up to this point in this direction, through the gate which was here. Here was the platform. From the platform, we continued walking towards the gate. At this point, there was a fence with a gate, and here was the yard. Thats right: Here there was a well, and two huts also stood here. These are the two huts which were placed inside the yard, and near them there was a well. I am almost certain that this is how it was. Here there was a garage, a motor repair shop, a hut where they repaired vehicles. Here, later, were the buildings in which we lived, the staff and the prisoners. Here were the workshops
- 1423 Hausner: What was the name of this section of the camp where you were? By what number was it called? Treblinka 1 or Treblinka 2?
- 1434 Teigman: They called it Camp 1
- 1440 Hausner: And the second section?
- 1441 Teigman: They called the second section Camp 2
- 1445 Hausner: You arrived at the platform. What happened to you at the platform?
- 1452 Teigman: As I have already said, they opened the freight cars and shouted at us to come out and take with us our personal belongings and parcels. A large number of people were killed on this platform or inside these freight cars, such as those who fainted or those who were not quick enough. On the double, at lightning speed, they made us run towards the courtyard in which those two huts stood. Next to the gate, men were standing, men of the SS and Ukrainians, and here, right away, the sorting began. They shouted to the women to go to the left, and to the men to go to the right. I did not want to part from my mother so soon. Precisely at the gate, I received a blow on my head from something, I think it was from a stick, and I fell down. I got up immediately, for I didn't want to receive another blow, and by then my mother was no longer at my side
- 1552 Hausner: After that, did you see your mother again?
- 1553 Teigman: After that, I did not see her again
- 1602 Hausner: How many young people were there with you?
- 1605 Teigman: When we entered the camp, out of the entire transport, they took four hundred people of course, after sorting, after selection. Two hundred remained in Camp 1, and two hundred young people were sent to the camp where there were the gas chambers. This I learned afterwards, for I did not know about it at the beginning
- 1630 Hausner: Do you want to add something about the Lazarette? Did something happen in connection with the Lazarette immediately after you arrived?
- 1637 Teigman: Yes. I see it here. And, in fact, it was here, at the end of the camp, next to the second gate. This Lazarette was a pit that had been dug out and fenced with barbed wire, and near it, at the entrance, stood a hut painted white, with markings of the Red Cross, and there was also a sign there, Lazarette
- 1708 Hausner: That we do not see here, so it seems
- 1712 Teigman: We do not see it here, there is only a number here, 10 or something. All these people who were killed on the platform, or those who fainted or who still showed signs of life but were unable to walk, we had to carry them to the Lazarette. They cynically gave it this name, as if they were going to the doctor. There was this pit, and we had to throw all these bodies into the pit. Those who were still alive were shot at the edge of the pit and were thrown inside
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 1756 Teigman: Yes. I remember that, on one occasion, one of the commanders, named Kurt Franz he was an Untersturmfuehrer, at first an Oberscharfuehrer and afterwards he was promoted searched him. I don't know why he did this. Perhaps someone had informed against him, or perhaps this was just a routine search which they made on most of the inmates of the camp; money was found on his person. Chorazycki knew right away what was in store for him: Where money was found, people were instantly shot, killed or hanged
- 1834 Hausner: Do you know for what purpose he was keeping this money?
- 1841 Teigman: He was one of those who wanted to carry out an armed revolt
- 1850 Hausner: And for this reason he kept the money?
- 1853 Teigman: Yes, he kept the money for this object. Chorazycki knew what his fate would be. He fell upon Kurt Franz, even though he was a man of advanced age, and Kurt Franz was powerful and tall. Chorazycki jumped away from him, fled from this hut, but he did not run far before he fell. Apparently, he had taken some poison pills, or something else. They summoned all the detainees and personnel to assemble for a roll call. We were obliged to watch how they flushed Chorazycki's stomach, in order to revive him, to wake him up, and to torture him anew. The faithful assistant of Kurt Franz, a Ukrainian, Zugwachmann Rogozo, pulled out Chorazycki's tongue with some sharp instrument or a hook, I don't remember exactly. Kurt Franz poured water into his mouth from a bucket, after which he jumped on him with his boots, in order to flush out his stomach. In the end, two members of the group had to raise Chorazycki by the legs in order to remove the water from his body. They repeated this operation several times. But they did not manage to resuscitate him. After all their efforts failed, they undressed him and continued beating him with clubs, after which they sent him off to the Lazarette
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 2027 Teigman: The revolt was to start at four o'clock in the afternoon, and between two and two-thirty, those children whom I mentioned were to enter the store. And, indeed, they went in and brought out some arms from the store, mainly hand grenades, and some revolvers, and also ammunition. At the same time, two men went into the building, that is to say the hut where we lived, and that was forbidden. These two men were caught and made to undress. Money was found on them; evidently, they wanted to prepare money for themselves, in case they succeeded in escaping. They were caught, and one of the camp commanders stripped them and began beating them. This was about half an hour before the commencement of the revolt. A great commotion broke out. All the time people kept coming back and reported that they were beating them, and they would certainly reveal information perhaps they had already done so and if that was the case, there was nothing to lose, we should start right away. But most of the people had been advised that the revolt was to begin at four. However, as I ascertained we were told this afterwards Rudek fired at the SS man who was beating these two young men, and subsequently a grenade was thrown
- 2206 Hausner: Was that how it began?
- 2208 Teigman: This was the signal for the revolt to commence. And after that, the explosions began. There was a young man who used to disinfect the huts of the Germans and the Ukrainians. He had a receptacle on his back, with a hosepipe, with which he sprayed. On that day, this young man was to mix the chemicals with fuel, petrol, and in fact he did so. In addition to that, there was a large tank of petrol near the garage. I think it must have contained several thousand litres of petrol. This tank was also set on fire. It exploded and spread flames along the fence which was covered with dried foliage, and it began burning. I was at the workshop refurbishing aluminium utensils. I knew that I was to receive arms at the garage. I ran, in fact, towards the garage, but I could not reach it, for the fire from the tank prevented me from getting near. Then I turned around and ran in the direction of the Lazarette towards the second gate
- 2318 Hausner: And you escaped from there?
- 2319 Teigman: And I escaped from there
- 2325 Hausner: How did you break through the fence?
- 2328 Teigman: I simply climbed over the fence. There had already been people who had escaped that way, and on the fence there were already blankets and boards, and we climbed over on these. The Germans chased us on horses and also in cars. Some of those who escaped had arms. I also ran with a group that possessed a rifle and revolvers. These people returned the Germans' fire, and the Germans withdrew. In this way, we managed to reach the forest which was near this camp
- 2410 Hausner: How many people were saved from Treblinka at the time?
- 2413 Teigman: I think about a hundred and fifty men fled in the direction I took
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 2425 Rosenberg: The next day, we went out in the morning it was 11 o'clock to a roll-call. After the roll-call, they directed us to a heap, to do roughly the same thing to sort out all these goods. After a short while, SS-Scharfuehrer Matthias appeared and shouted: "Twenty men volunteers." I was standing near him. I was afraid that as I was standing near him and if I did not step forward, he would take revenge on me or strike me. I stepped forward. He said: "You are going out to light work for ten minutes." They then took us to Camp 2, the death camp
- 2510 Hausner: Where did they take you?
- 2514 Rosenberg: They took us towards the gate which was camouflaged with pine branches
- 2523 Hausner: Please look behind you, Mr. Rosenberg, are you able to identify what this picture is?
- 2532 Rosenberg: That is the Treblinka camp
- 2545 Hausner: You say this is the Treblinka camp. Which way did they take you to the camouflaged gate? Will you please point to it?
- 2613 Rosenberg: The gate was here, at this place, camouflaged with pine branches. We reached this point. When they opened the gate, we went in, here. All of us were automatically in a state of shock, for we saw a pile of corpses. And the German Matthias began shouting to this group "An die Tragen": To the stretchers. We did not understand what was going on. We began running around the bodies. The Germans and the Ukrainians who were present there hit us. We did not know what we were supposed to do. The Jews who worked on removing the bodies said to us: "Take hold of the stretchers and put a body on each." We seized a stretcher, another person and I, I don't know what his name was, we went up to this pile, and we took a body away on a stretcher. We walked to the graves at this spot 150 to 200 metres to the grave, and we threw the bodies down below
- 2740 Hausner: Please show us where you lived in Treblinka 2 subsequently
- 2746 Rosenberg: In this hut
- 2802 Hausner: What was the depth of the grave into which you cast the bodies?
- 2806 Rosenberg: The grave was six to seven metres deep. It was built with a slope, in a conical shape
- 2819 Hausner: And throughout the day you worked moving the bodies?
- 2825 Rosenberg: The entire day I worked in transferring the bodies from the gas chambers to the graves
- 2830 Hausner: And you also worked on this afterwards?
- 2834 Rosenberg: The work was somewhat strange. When we left for work in the morning, SS men divided us into working groups. There were three kinds of labour there: there were the gas chambers, the transfer of the bodies to the graves, and after that, there was the burning of the bodies
- 2855 Hausner: On the first night, the men who arrived together with you could not overcome the shock? What did they do?
- 2905 Rosenberg: Many of them hanged themselves with their belts. One asked the next to pull the chair from underneath him, so that he should not suffer; we helped each other
- 2934 Hausner: Did you witness the whole process of the extermination?
- 2938 Rosenberg: I saw the entire process
- 2943 Hausner: Describe it briefly to the Court
- 2945 Rosenberg: The people arrived from this famous "Himmelstrasse," which led from Camp 1 to Camp 2. In the Himmelstrasse, SS men, the entire staff of Camp 2, stood there with dogs, with whips and bayonets. The people walked past in silence. That was at the beginning, in summer 1942. They did not know where they were going. When they entered the gas chambers, two Ukrainians stood next to the entrance one was Ivan and the other was Nikolai. They introduced the gas
- 3028 Hausner: Where did the gas come from?
- 3031 Rosenberg: The gas came from an engine
- 3038 Hausner: They did not bring it from outside it was produced on the spot?
- 3041 Rosenberg: It was Ropa Ropa gas
- 3045 Hausner: Was it manufactured by an engine, from the exhaust of a diesel engine?
- 3049 Rosenberg: Yes. It was gas from an engine. They put in Ropa, which was a kind of oil, a crude oil, and the fumes entered the gas chambers. The people who were the last to enter the gas chambers, the very last, received stabs in the bodies from the bayonets, since the last persons already saw what was going on inside and did not want to enter. Four hundred people were put into one small gas chamber. And when they forced them in, they, on their part, pressed inwards and in this way reached the full capacity, so that only with difficulty could the outer door of the chamber be shut. When they shut them in, we were standing on the outside. We only heard cries of "Shema Yisrael," "Father," "Mother"; thirty-five minutes later they were dead. Two Germans stood there listening to what was going on inside. Afterwards they said, They are all asleep. They ordered us to open the door. We opened the door and removed the bodies
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===
=== Sitzung 067.01 - 06.06.1961:
=== [Teil von Verhandlung der Sitzung nicht auf Band]
- 3236 Landau: Do you speak Hebrew?
- 3238 David Wdowinski: Yes
- 3538 Landau: Please take the cap on your head, lay the right hand on the bible, and swear by god, the almighty, that my testimony in this trial will be the truth the whole truth and nothing but the truth.
- 3301 Landau: What is your full name?
- 3304 Wdowinski: David Wdowinski
- 3314 Landau: How do you spell that?
- 3318 Wdowinski: W-d-o-w-i-n-s-k-i
- 3348 Hausner: Do you now reside in the United States? You are Professor of Psychology and Psychiatry at the New School for Sociological Research in New York?
- 3404 Wdowinski: Correct
- 3413 Hausner: At the time of the Second World War, you were in Warsaw?
- 3417 Wdowinski: I was there from the beginning
- 3422 Hausner: And, at the time of the ghetto revolt, you were the commander of the Irgun Zva'i Leumi in the Warsaw Ghetto?
- 3430 Wdowinski: Correct
- 3437 Hausner: And you took part in the general uprising and in military activities until, ultimately, your bunker fell? When was that?
- 3452 Wdowinski: Yes, it was in the last week of April 1943
- 3509 Hausner: And then all the strongholds held by the Irgun Zwai Leumi in Warsaw fell?
- 3517 Wdowinski: There were still a few outposts that went on fighting and as far as I know, a few units fought on for at least three weeks more
- 3529 Hausner: When you came out of your bunker and were transferred to the Umschlagplatz, you saw one of your strongholds?
- 3536 Wdowinski: I saw the outpost at Murinowska Square, 79 Murinowska Street. Our flag the blue and white flag was flying over the building; the outpost was still fighting I heard the shots
- 3550 Hausner: From the Umschlagplatz, you were put into freight cars and taken to Lublin?
- 3553 Wdowinski: Yes. On the following day, the day after we were captured we waited a whole day, and on the following day they took me and the remnants of my family for a large part of my family had been killed at Treblinka, and even before Treblinka, in the first "action" between June and Yom Kippur, 1942
- 3644 Hausner: And then you were brought to the camp at Majdanek?
- 3649 Wdowinski: Yes
- 3649 Hausner: There they separated you from your wife and the rest of your family?
- 3655 Wdowinski: Yes, three or four days later
- 3657 Hausner: And where did they transfer you to?
- 3658 Wdowinski: They transferred me, together with 806 other Jews we numbered 807 together to a camp which was not far from Lublin thirty-five kilometres away to Budzyn
- 3717 Hausner: Did they select precisely 807 people?
- 3720 Wdowinski: Yes, we were already standing the survivors of Warsaw Jewry near the gate where there were various units from Majdanek, and they waited to send us to some field. Suddenly, some SS man came there afterwards we got to know that he was Oberscharfuehrer Feiks with some Ukrainians in black, and demanded 807 Jews from the local commander, because there were 1193 in his camp at Budzyn, and, for the sake of his prestige, it was necessary for him to have two thousand
- 3814 Hausner: So he asked for exactly 807?
- 3815 Wdowinski: Yes
- 3819 Hausner: And this was the number he received?
- 3820 Wdowinski: Yes
- 3821 Hausner: What work was done at Budzyn?
- 3823 Wdowinski: In Budzyn, which was a Jewish labour camp, the work was in a Heinkel aircraft factory
- 3839 Hausner: What was the regime in the camp like?
- 3842 Wdowinski: It is hard to describe; in one word, it was terrible. For example, when we reached Budzyn, on the first day, I think it was 30 April or 1 May, the commandant Feiks told us to stand in two rows. Afterwards, he went up to one of the Jews and told him to leave the rank and ordered him to undress. He then began undressing; he removed his overcoat and Feiks started shouting: "Hurry up undress completely!" This went on until he was altogether naked, and then he drew a revolver and killed this Jew and said: "This is what will happen to each one of you if you do not hand over everything you have, and this is only an example." He demanded gold, silver, good clothes, suitcases, and so on
- 3955 Landau: What was the name of this German?
- 4000 Wdowinski: Reinhold Feiks. He was from Sudetenland
- 4012 Hausner: Was there a further instance where he murdered someone with his own hands?
- 4016 Wdowinski: On the same day, he saw a man of advanced age, an old man, and his first words were: "You old dog are you still alive?" And he ordered the Ukrainians to shoot him and kill him and he went off. Then we surrounded the old man, and the Ukrainians were unable to find him. By chance, the commandant came back to the camp half an hour or an hour later and saw the old man he drew his revolver and shot him. He was a very popular doctor from Warsaw, very much loved by the Jews of Warsaw Dr. Pupko. He was well known, firstly because he was an Orthodox Jew: he prayed every day with his phylacteries and prayer shawl; he would not write any prescriptions on the Sabbath, and, apart from that, he was known and loved, for he had done a great deal as a doctor for the poor Jews and had attended to them without payment
- 4140 Hausner: Did you work as a doctor in Budzyn?
- 4144 Wdowinski: I worked as a doctor in Budzyn
- 4145 Hausner: And did you have to take care of a common grave for those who were killed there?
- 4150 Wdowinski: I had to supervise the cleanliness of the camp, to look after the graves that is to say, there was only one grave, a common grave and to see that it was kept clean. And whenever a Jew died that means when he was killed lime had to be poured over him, because of the hygienic and sanitary conditions. Apart from that, before a Jew was buried, his teeth were removed, if he had any gold teeth, and so on
- 4237 Hausner: Do you remember an incident with a man named Bitter?
- 4241 Wdowinski: Of course, I remember this incident it is an incident I shall never forget as long as I live. While Bitter was at work, some cash fell out of his pocket, a few zlotys, and the overseer saw it
- 4308 Hausner: Who was this "Meister"?
- 4310 Wdowinski: His name was Mass. He reported it to the commandant, and the commandant, first of all, gave him a thorough beating, and then he decided that this Jew had to be hanged. And they hanged him, but apparently the rope was weak, and it broke. Bitter fell down, still alive. Then Feiks decided that it was not necessary to hang him once again, and it would be a pity to waste a bullet on the Jews; he decided that the Jews themselves would have to kill him. He called a roll-call of two thousand Jews. We, the doctors, stood on one side. There were a few doctors. And the Ukrainians gave a stick to each Jew, and the Jews had to beat him; and he had to run around. And two or three Ukrainians ran behind him to see that he was really being beaten very hard by the Jews. And all the time this Jew was running around, he kept saying, "I take it with love if I have to be sacrificed for the People of Israel, I take it with love." Ultimately, he fell down, and the commandant called me to check whether he was alive or not. And, in a very weak voice, he said to me: "I don't feel any pain, doctor, it does not hurt, I am suffering for the Jewish people, and I take it with love. But I would ask you, say Kaddish, the mourners' prayer for me." I don't know how long after that, whether it was a few minutes or half an hour they did not allow us to give him water, a cup of water, or anything else he died
- 4556 Hausner: To what German formation did Reinhold Feiks belong?
- 4600 Wdowinski: The SS. He was an Oberscharfuehrer
- 4605 Hausner: Of all those atrocities which you experienced, is one particular incident engraved in your memory the one with Klavin, Feiks' assistant?
- 4618 Wdowinski: Klavin was Feiks' right-hand man he came from Latvia he was one of the sadists, they were all sadists. On one occasion, at night, he brought a few prostitutes to the hut and lay with them in the presence of all the Jews, and there were also a number of children in the hut
- 4705 Hausner: Were there fathers and sons in this hut?
- 4708 Wdowinski: Yes, there were still a few children in the hut that I remember children eleven, twelve and thirteen years old
- 4726 Hausner: Do you remember the incident with Bauchwitz?
- 4732 Wdowinski: That happened after Feiks had already left this labour camp. He left after those of us who had come from Majdanek had been there some two months, more or less. I think he left in July. There was someone deputizing for him he was the commander or instructor of the Ukrainians, an Oberwachtmeister (first sergeant), I don't remember his name. At any rate, on one of those days, when the Jewish prisoners returned from work, it appeared that one had escaped. At the head of this group, there was a man named Bauchwitz, who was from Stettin, in Germany. His family, as we got to know, had converted to Christianity when he was a boy of six or seven. When this Jew, this prisoner, fled, he Bauchwitz did not inform the commandant, since he knew that if he were to inform him, ten others would be killed
- 4857 Landau: I don't understand about what did he not notify the commandant?
- 4902 Wdowinski: He did not report that a Jew had escaped, and he took it upon himself, should the matter become known. And, indeed, it became known later on, at a roll-call. And then the commandant decided to hang him, Bauchwitz. And he then said: "I have only one request." The commandant asked: "What is your request?" And he said: "I was a German officer in the First World War, and I fought at Verdun. Of my entire battalion only a few survived. And I was awarded the Iron Cross, first class. For this reason, because this is what I am, I ask that I should be shot and not hanged." To this, the Wachtmeister replied: "Whether you have the Iron Cross, first class, or not, whether you were an officer or not, in my eyes you are a stinking Jew, and you will be hanged." He then mounted the gallows and asked for permission to address a few words to the assembled Jews in the camp. He was given permission, and then he said: "I was born as a Jew, and all that I remember of my Judaism is one prayer in fact, only the opening words of that prayer, and they are: God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and that is all I remember. But I want to, and I am going to die as a Jew and I ask you Jews to say Kaddish for me." And we did
- 5115 Hausner: Do you remember the end of October 1943, when you sensed a lot of preparations in the camp?
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- 5132 Wdowinski: And one of them who saw me said: "You were lucky." I said: "What was the luck?" And he replied: "This is the only camp that has been left standing, since Reichsmarschall Goering gave an order, a command, to leave this camp as an important factory for the war effort, against the wish of the expert, the Jewish specialist" that is what he said "Eichmann."
- 5216 Hausner: "Against the wish of the expert for Jewish affairs, Eichmann." When did this conversation take place?
- 5232 Wdowinski: I cannot tell you exactly when, but it was, perhaps, a week or two after the fifth of November, after those people returned from Majdanek
- 5240 Hausner: Was this the first time you had heard the name of Eichmann?
- 5245 Wdowinski: No, that was, in fact, the second time. A few months earlier I do not remember exactly when it was, but I remember it was after Feiks' departure, so that it could not have been before July a Jew named Karp came to our camp he had escaped from Sobibor and he told us that two senior officers had recently visited Sobibor. In Sobibor so he told us there was a kind of gas oven in which they burned the Jews, or killed them. The two senior officers came to inspect whether the oven was functioning properly, and the Ukrainians who were there had told the Jews that these two senior officers were Himmler and Eichmann
- 5357 Hausner: You have told us that you heard the name of Eichmann twice in the course of the War. Did you hear his name again?
- 5406 Wdowinski: Yes. I heard it once more
- 5410 Landau: Is this more direct evidence than on the two previous occasions, Mr. Hausner? This again reminds me of the evidence of a previous witness, this part where the name of the Accused was mentioned
- 5430 Hausner: We are approaching the end, Your Honour
- 5435 Landau: Yes, surely. I again stress that I am referring to the mention of the Accused's name, not about the evidence
- 5443 Hausner: That is clear to me, Your Honour, but I would ask the Court at the end I do not want to do so in the middle to draw a certain conclusion, namely that the Accused's name became a byword everywhere. This could not have been fortuitous here
- 5455 Wdowinsky In order to explain how it happened for the third time, I have to give a brief introduction. Our camp, the labour camp at Budzyn, was converted in January 1944 on 15 Shevat according to the Hebrew date into a concentration camp. We were moved from this labour camp about two or three kilometres further, to a new place, but this was also called Budzyn. There we already had pyjamas, since in the labour camp we had had civilian clothes, and because of this, it was possible for another Jew to enter the camp from time to time, even if he were not a prisoner. In this new camp, I worked in the building for bathing and disinfection, the official name of which was Bade- und Entlausungsanstalt. We were twelve Jews in all, amongst them two Warsaw rabbis, one of whom I believe now lives in Israel. Often Germans also came to this bathhouse. In 1944, soldiers came even from the Russian front. There were several soldiers there from the front at Tarnopol. They came for a bath and to clean themselves. On one occasion it was on 5 May 1944, a Friday a German civilian entered, whom I had never seen previously, very tall, very powerfully built they called him Oberwerkschutz, Senior Labour Supervisor, Willi, the name of his commanding officer was Mueller, or Melzer, I don't remember. At any rate, he had been an Oberwerkschutz at the time when the camp was a labour camp. What became of him afterwards, after this camp had been converted into a concentration camp, I do not know
- 5746 Hausner: Mr. Wdowinski, I understand that this Willi entered into a conversation with you and asked you how many Jews there were there?
- 5758 Wdowinski: Yes. On that day, I had examined about thirty Jews who underwent treatment against scabies
- 5802 Hausner: Finally, after some provocation on his part, you said that you were proud to be a Jew?
- 5811 Wdowinski: Right
- 5812 Hausner: He answered you that only a German was permitted to be proud, and he started hitting you? And he said that he had already killed seven hundred Jews?
- 5824 Wdowinski: Yes, and he took out a calendar
- 5833 Hausner: He took out a notebook and said that you would be Jew No. 701?
- 5850 Wdowinski: Afterwards, he told me to get going, and he placed the barrel of the rifle on my neck. He took me along, together with a big dog, and all the time set the dog on me. The dog was very well trained. When they said to him, "Jude", he would bite. He bit at me all along the way and, at the last minute, about a hundred metres away from the place where he shot and killed Jews he always killed Jews when he was alone so that there should not be any witnesses an SS man, Hoffmann, came there with two other men. He was supposed to have been with us at work, but, according to what we heard, they had gone to the village to drink a little and to have a good time. At all events, he rescued me at the last minute. I was bleeding. He saw the condition I was in. After that, for a day or two, he visited me in the camp. In general, he treated me out of this large group of murderers, he was the only one to behave more or less in a humane fashion. He was not actually a German, he was not born in Germany, he was born in Hungary or Romani. So he came to visit me, to see how I was getting on, and then he said: "You will certainly survive, since this is the second time you have been saved from death." I said: "Why a second time?" And he said: "The first time was in the labour camp at Budzyn you were not in my camp, but I knew all about it we were supposed to kill all of you." Those were more or less the words he used. I do not remember exactly. He said: "And that was a further occasion on which Reichsmarschall Gφring gave the order to leave this camp alone, because the Germans who were employed there said that they would not be able to manage without the Jews, they would have to close down the factory." He added: "This was against the wish and the orders, "I don't remember exactly of a certain senior officer whose name was Adolf Eichmann."
- 6138 Hausner: Is that what Hoffmann said? Two final questions. When you were in Budzyn in 1944, on the eve of the Passover Festival, you baked
- 6154 End
=== [Fortgesetzte u. beendete Verhandlung der Sitzung auf Band EICHMANN TRIAL // SESSION 066.01 - 06-JUN-1961 // SESSION 066.03 - 06-JUN-1961 // SESSION 067.02 - 06-JUN-1961 // SESSION 068.01 07-JUN-1961 (VT EI149) [ET], 13'44''-16'55'']
=== Erfassung lt.: N.N.: The Trial of Adolf Eichmann. Record of Proceedings in the District Court of Jerusalem, Vol. 3, Jerusalem: State of Israel, Ministry of Justice / Israel State Archive / Yad Vashem, 1993, redigiert |